Jung’s analytical psychology emerged during the intellectually fertile fin de siècle period in Europe. Spanning the late 19th and early 20th centuries, this era witnessed dramatic cultural, social, and scientific transformations that profoundly influenced the development of psychology (Parker, 2019).
Psychology was a young discipline, transitioning from its philosophical and physiological origins. A surge of theories, ideas, and experimental research led by figures like Sigmund Freud, William James, and John Watson shaped the field (Buckley, 2020). These pioneers offered diverse perspectives on the complexities of the human mind and behavior.
The fin de siècle also fostered novel scientific methodologies, including introspection, psychophysics, and experimental techniques. These tools enabled a more systematic study of mental processes and behaviors, solidifying psychology’s status as a distinct scientific discipline (Parker, 2019).
Amidst this intellectual dynamism, Jung’s analytical psychology arose as a unique approach. It aimed to bridge the personal and collective unconscious while exploring the spiritual dimensions of human experience (Stevens, 2017). Jung drew inspiration from contemporary trends, including the study of mythology, folklore, and comparative religion. His work was further shaped by his early collaboration with, and eventual divergence from, Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theories (Shamdasani, 2018).